A significant controversy is currently unfolding in Gabon following the implementation of new regulations governing social media usage. An ordinance, dated February 26th, recently came to public attention, sparking widespread discussion. At the heart of the concerns among Gabonese citizens is Article 4 of this decree, which now prohibits the use of pseudonyms online. Moving forward, all social media users must be clearly identifiable, providing their full name, surname, and even their personal identification number (NIP). For businesses operating on these platforms, the requirement extends to furnishing their commercial registration details.
Bienvenue Effayong, known online by his pseudonym « Bitome » (meaning « problems » in the local language), is a content creator in Gabon with ties to the government. His outspoken views on social media frequently draw strong criticism from anonymous internet users.
Effayong firmly supports the new legislation. « I agree 100%, if not 1,000%, because people hide behind fake accounts, fake names, and fake profiles to defame, insult, and even engage in acts of destabilization, simply believing they are anonymous. From now on, everyone must take responsibility for their actions, » he asserts.
Critics warn of free expression erosion
Conversely, Marcel Libama, a former transitional Member of Parliament, views the ordinance as a severe infringement on freedom of expression, a right explicitly guaranteed by the Constitution. « This ordinance signifies the collapse of freedom of expression and democracy in our nation. We do not require such a restrictive ordinance, which in many respects is at odds with our Constitution, » Libama contends.
The ordinance, promulgated during a parliamentary recess, is immediately enforceable. However, it is subject to review by the Parliament, which retains the authority to amend, ratify, or reject it. It’s worth noting that social media platforms have been officially suspended across Gabon since February.
The Gabonese authorities state their motivation for these measures is to safeguard the youth and curb online excesses, specifically citing issues such as defamation, insults, and attempts to destabilize national institutions.
